Inteewai



C. T. WESTLAKE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APFUCATION FILED JULY 30.1915.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

3 SNEETS-SHEET I.

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APPLICATION FILED IULY 30.19l5. l,313,033. Patented Aug. 12,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a g i Z C. T. WESILAKE.

iNTEHNM. COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION mm JULY 30.1915.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Q Q hrenfar (Wr/eaZ'h esihlz 'tion an UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

INTEBNALCOMIBUSTIQN ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

Application illctl July 30, 1915. Serial No. 42,715.

To all whom it ma concern."

Be it known t at I, (Immune T. Was-r- ]..um, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference bein had to the accompanying drawings, formi g part of thisspecification. p I 1 My invention relates generally uninternalcombustion engines ,and'more partlcii larly to the means for controllingthe admission of the combustibl vapor to the cylinder ofthe engine andhe subsequent exbeast of the products of combustion.

The principal objects of my. inveiition are, to generally improve uponand simplify theexisting ty es of internal combustion engines and eiminate the guppet valves usually associated therewit to arrange betweenthe c linder and the iston a sleeve or shell, the c osed upper enof'whieh serves as .the fixed head for the chamber within the cylinder,saidsleeve or shell being provided with suitably located openings whichperform the functions of inlet and exhaust ports to provide sinile meansfor rotating the sleeve in proper time relation to the movement of thepiston; to rovide mechanically operated means -for isseminating the heatgenerated during, tjhe operation of the engine, and further towprovidemeans-for distributing lubricating. oil over the entire contactinsurfaces betwwmthe sleeve and the cylin er. i

With the fo ing and other objects in view, m invention-resides in thecombiuaarrangements of parts audan the,

details of construction hereinafter more ,fully described and claimed,it being un-' derstood that various changes in the precise embodiment ofthe invention herein disclosed can be made without departing from thespirit of the invention.

In the drawings, a

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a four cylinder internalcombustion engine constructed in accordance with my invention and withthe crank case in vertical section.

taken 'Fig. 'is an enlarged vertical section Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection taken upproxlmately'on the line 33 of Fig. 2. i

F ig. is a detail section of a portion of the engine cylinder andshowing a modified form of oint between the upper end of the sleeve andcylinder wall.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken through the center of a modified formof my improved engine.

F i 6 is a vertical section taken a )proximate y on the line 6-6 of Fig.5, an showin the rotary sleeve in elevation.

, gs. 7 to 11 inclusive, are diagrammatic Views illustrating theposition of the rotary sleeve at various periods during a complete cycleof operation.

Figs. 12 to 16 inclusive, are diagrammatic views which are complementaryto Figs. 7

to 11 inclusive, and showing the relative positions of the crank, pistonrod, and piston at various periods during acomplete cycle of operation.Referring by numerals to the accompanydrawings, 10 designates the enginecylilr er, either water-jac eted as illustrated in F1gs. 2 and 3, orprovided with heat radiatmgi gebs or fins, as illustrated in Figs. 5 anIt will be noted that the chamber within the cylinder is open at bothends and when saitl cylinder is properly assembled with other arts ofthe engine, the open inner end o the cylinder chamber communicates withthe chamber within thecrank case and the outer end of said cylinderchamber communicates with a chamber which receives fluid utilized in thecooling system of the en e. 1

ere a number of cylinders are combined, they are preferably cast enbloc, as illustrated in Fig. l. y

Secured in the usual manner to the lower portion of the cylindei' is acrank case 11 in which operates the usual crank shaft 12.

Connected in thelusual manner to each ion 14 the upper end of saidsleeve being permanently closed b an integral or rigidly fixed head 17an the lower end being extended a short distance below the lower end ofthe cylinder and bcin provided with an annular row of gear teeth 18.

The lower inner edge of sleeve 16 is beveled as designated by 19 inorder to perform the functions of a wedge to force the packing ringsinto the grooves in the piston 14 when said piston is inserted orpositioned within said sleeve. The u per end of the sleeve 16 iseferably provided with an outwardly proprting huge 20 which bears in acorresponding groove formed in the upper end of cylinder 10 and formedintegral with or fixed to the outer portion of head 17 is a I spirallydisposed flange or rib 21.

It will be noted that in my improved construction the head 17 which is apart of sleeve 16 performs the functiops of a head for the enginecylinder 10.

Removably fixed to the upper end of cylinder 10 is a. plate 22, thespace 23 beneath which communicates with the vvuter s ace in the jacketaround cylinder 10. It \vi 1 be noted that the spiral flange 21 extendsinto the ace .23 within head 22, and thus as sleeve 16 is rotated duringthe operation of the engine, said flange gal pump to maintain acirculation of Water or other cooling medium-through the cooling systemutilized in connection with the p I 'Froovebemg rranged soiastocarry aliquid on e. L

- leave 16 is rotated directly from crank shaft'12, preferably b meansof meshing beveled pinions 24 an straight pinions 25 one of which latterengages the teeth 18 0 said sleeve, it being understood that theseinions are of the proper relative sizes to rive the sleevetin pro r timerelation to 1 the movement of the, iston 14.

Formed through t e upper ortion of sleeve 16 are four openings 26, one iof which serves as an inlet port or an exhaust port, depending, ofcourse, upon its position, and formed through the wall of cylinder 10 isan inlet port 27 and an exhaust port 28, the same bem slightly ofi'sctdiametrlcally of the cylin e Formed in thecylinder 10 at a suitablepoint near port 27 is a firing cha iFbcr 29 in jvhich is located theinner end 0 a spark. plug 30, and formed in the inner face of c lmder 10and leadin from this firing chamber toward port 2% is a horizontallydisposed groove or passe e way 29. This passage way permits the urntgases to exhaust from the firing chamber during the exhaust stroke ofthe engine as hereinafter more fully described, A vapor su ply 1pc 31leads to inlet port 27 and lea ing rom port 28 is an exhaust ipc 32. I

In the modification ilustrated in Fig. 4, the upper end of sleev 16 isprovided with will act as a ccntrifu-,-.

Figs. 5 and 6, the cylinder 10' 'is providcd with a series of heatradiating 50,1 webs 84 and the spiral flange 21 on of the sleeve L6 ismade of considerable c eptll in order to perform the functions of acentrifugal. fan which, when said sleeve is rotalcd. establishes acirculation of air over the lop or head 17 of the sleeve to produce acooling; efi'ect thereupon and upon the adjacent parts of cylinder 10":Y I

Inorder to provide-abearing for the unper end of sleeve 16" secured inany suitahle manner to'the' upper end of e linder 10 and formed in saidring.

and in t c upper inner edge of cylinder 10 are coinciding grooves 36whichreceivc an outwardly and upwardly projecting flange 37, the samebeing formed mtegral with the up r end of the sleeve. 1 J

11 order to prevent leakage through this joint, the flan 37 is providedwith a suitablespackipg iung fis. order to lubricate the contactingsurfaces between the cylinder and the sleeve, a spirally. disposedgroove 9.9 is formed in e surface of said sleeve, said bricant'upvvardlyduring the rotation of said sleeve, 'and thus the contacting surfacesare lubricated, and in addition, the lubricant contained in this rooveserves as a packing'to reveal; the eakage ofgas lietween the cyinder'and sleeve. (See Fig. 1.) This oil groove extends upwardly on theairing 35 is detachahly sleeve to a point near the lower ends of porls26 and the upper: portion of said groove communicates with verticallydisposed grooves 39 formed in the outer face of tho sleeveto thesides'of said ports and the upper ends of said vertical groovesconununicats with an annular groove 39", which latter is formedimmediately beneath the flange at the upper end of sleeve 16. It will beunderstood that this same arrangement-of oil grooves can be formed inthe outer face of sleeve 16.

Durin the operation of an engine of my improve construction, the pistonreciprocates in the usual manner within the sleeve 16 and said sleeve iscontinuously rotated by means of the drivin connections 24 and 25 fromthe crank sha t. At the beginning of the intake stroke,'the sleeve 10,piston l-l,

During the downward movement of pis- I" vton 14, this port 26 is incommunication with port 27 and consequently a charge of combustiblevapor is drawn into the chamber within sleeve 16. This intake stroke isrepresented by the dotted lines d, Fig. 7. At the time the piston beginsits succcedin u )ward stroke to compress the coinbustib e charge in theupper portion of the chamber within sleeve 16, port 26 passes inlet port27, thereby clitting oil the further inlet of gas to the chamber and asthe piston moves to the upper end of said chamber, the charge iscompressed therein. This compression stroke is gra hically illustratedby meahs of the dotted lines I), Fig. 8.

When the piston 14 has reached its upper limit of movement to efi'ecthighest compression, the port 26 immediately to the rear of the portwhich was just in coincidence with the inlet "ort 27 moves intocoincideuce with spar chamber 29 as illustrated in'Fig. 9, and thetiming apparatus associated with the engine is now actuated to produce aspark at the point of plug 30, thus igniting the compressed char e anddriving the piston 1-1 downward. his ex losion stroke is gra hicallyillustrated y the dotted lines 0. Eig. 9.

On the succeeding upward or exhaust 3o movement of the piston 14, a ort26 is brought into coincidence with ex aust port 28, thus permitting theescape of burnt gases and after the particular rt 26 passes firingchamber 29 and durin t e full period of the exhaust stroke of t episton, said port is in comn'iunication with the groove 29 ending fromthe firing chamber, thus permitting otherwise remain in said firingchamber to 40 esca e therefrom so that on the succeeding inta e suctionstroke'of the engine, the entire chamber within the sleeve 16 and thefiring chamber are practically free of burnt gases. This exhaust isgraphically illustrated by the dotted lines (I, Fig. 10.

' Immediate] after communication is cut off between t e exhaust portsand before one of the inlet ports 26 establishes communication withinlet port 27, the piston 14 moves a short distance downward, therebyproducinga partial vacuum in-the upper portion of the chamber withinsleeve 16, such movement being graphically illustrated by the dottedlines e, igs 11, and this partial vacuum is effective in acceleratingthe drawin of the succeedin combustible char into the engine cylin er onthe succeedmg intake stro e.

.An engine of my improved construction has comparatively few operatinparts and by utilizing a rotating sleeve etween the piston and cylindertmd roviding ports in said sleeve which are adapted to register withplorts in the cylinder, all puppet valves wand t e like such as areordinarily associall of the burnt gases which might.

ated with internal combustion engines, are dispensed with.

I claim: I 1. In an internal combustion engine, an outer cylinder, aninner cylinder closed at 'll) its outer end, said last mentionedcylinder being uda ted to rotate within the first mentioned c inder,both cylinders being provided with ports which are adapted to coincideas the inner cylinder is rotated, at piston mounted for operation withinthe ro tating cylinder, and means on said rotating cylinder foreffecting a circulation of cooling medium around the outer cylinder andover the closed end of the inner cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an outer cylinder, an innercylinder closed at its outer end, said last mentioned cylinder beingadapted to rotate within the first mentioned cylinder, both cylindersbeing provided with ports which are adapted to coincide as the innercylinder is rotated, a piston nigunted for operation within the rotatingcylinder, means on said rotating pyli'nder for eflecting a circulationof coolmg medium around the outer cylinder and over the closed end ofthe innercylinder, and means operatively connected to the piston fdrimparting rotary movement to the inner cylinder. I

3. In an internalcombustion engine, an outer cylinder provided with achamber adapted to receive a cooling medium, a cylinder arranged forrotary movement Within the outer cylinder, said inner cylinder beingclosed at its outer end, both cylinders being provided with portswhichare adapted to coincide as the inner cylinder is rotated, a pistonmounted for movement within the inner c linder, and means on said innercyl- 'inder or effecting a circulation of cooling medium through thechamber in the outer cylinder.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a 05 1- inder provided with achamber adapted to receive a cooling medium and having inlet and exhaustports,a sleeve mounted for rotary movement within said cylinder andclosed at its outer end, said sleeve being provided with ports which areadapted to coinride with the inlet and exhaust ports in the outercylinder, a piston arranged for operation within the sleeve, and meanson the closed end of said sleeve for efl'ecting a. circulation ofcooling fluid through the chomher in the outer cylinder.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a relativelyfixed-cylinder provided in its wall with inlet and exhaust ports, of acylindrical member mounted for rotary movement within said fixpdcylinder, the outer end of whichretfi 1 cylinder is closed to form aheadfor the. within said rotary cylinder, means on said head fordisseminating heat, said last mentioned 13o outer cylinder,

with

cylinder being rovided with a port for controlling the lnliet andexhaust ports in the outer cylinder, a piston operating within therotary cylinder, and means for imparting movement to the rotary cylinderin proper time relation to the movements of said piston.

6. In an internal combustion engine, on an inner cylinder mounted forrotary movement within said outer cylinder, said inner cylinder beinclosed at its outer end, and means on said c osed end for disseminatingheat as said inner cylinder is operated.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a relatively fixed member providedwith a port, a cylindrical member mounted for rotation within saidmember and provided rts which are adapted to coincide with ti: port insaid fixed member, a iston mounted for operation within the cy lndricalmember, said cylindrical member being closed at its outer end to form a,head for the chamber in which the piston oeratcs, and means on theclosed end of sai cylindrical member for disseminatin heat.

8. In an internal com ustion engine, the combination with an outercylinder provided with inlet and exhaust brts, of a movable innercylinder provi ed with a plurality of ports which are adapted tocoincide with the ports of the outer cylinder, said inner cylinder beingclosed at its outer end, and means on said closed outer end fordisseminating heat.

9. In 'an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a chamberadapted to receive a cooling medium, a. c linder ar ranged for movementwithin ssid first mentioned cylinder, a portion of which inner cylinderprojects into'said chamber, and

means on said inner V relatively fixed c cylinder for efl'ecting acirculation of the cooling medium within said chamber as the innercylinder-is operated.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a linder, a. piston, a movable 0piston and the cylinder, the outer end of which sleeve is closed,and a-ib formed on said closed end for dissemi nit T heat as said sleeve is 0Mad.

sleeve between t 11. n an internal combust on engine, a

a sleeve arranged for totatlon. ween said cylinder and piston,- one endof said sleeve being closed to form a headfor the combustion chamber ofthe englue, and "means on said closed end for diseliminating. e portionof the heat developed within'the combustion chamber while the en ginesin operation.

12. an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and apiston thereinfof a sleeve mounted for rotary movement between thecylinder and piston,

one end of which sleeve is closed and pro- 'while in operation,

vidcd with means for disseminating heat while in operation, and therebeing a lubricant receiving groove formed in the external surface ofsaid sleeve.

13. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderand a piston therein, of a sleeve mounted for rotary movement betweenthe cylinder and piston, one end of which sleeve is closed and providedwith means for disseminating heat there being a lubricant receivinggroove formed in the external sur face of said sleeve, said sleeve beingprovided with a pluralit of ports which are adapted to coincide witports formed in the cylinde13and means for rotating said sleeve.

14. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a port, apiston, a sleeve arranged for rotation between the piston and cylinder,which sleeve is provided with a plurality of ports which are adapted tocoincide with the port of the outer cylinder, there being a spirallydisposed lubricant receiving groove formed in the outer face of saidsleeve, and there being branch grooves leading from said spiral grooveto points adjecent to the ports in said sleeve.

15. In an internal combustion engine, an outer cylinder provided withinlet and exhaust ports, a piston, a sleeve between said piston andcylinder, said sleeve being provided with ports which are ads )ted tocoincide with the ports in the cylin or, said cylinder being providedwith a firing chamber with which the ports in the sleeve are adapted tocoincide and there being a. groove formed in the inner face of thecylinder, which groove communicates with the firing chamber and projectsin the direction in which the sleeve operates.

16. In an internal combustion engine, an Outer cylinder provided withinlet and exhaust ports, a piston, a sleeve between said piston andcylinder, said sleeve being provided with ports which are adapted tocoincide with the ports in the cylinder, and said cyliilder beingprovided with a, firing chamber with which the ports in the sleeve areadapted to coincide, which firing chamber is provided with a lateralextension.

In an internalcombustion engine, an outer cylinder provided with inletand exhaust ports, a piston, a sleeve between said piston and cylinder,said sleeve being provided with ports Tvlrih are adapted to coinsidewith the ports in the cylinder, said c linder being provided with afiring cham er with which the ports in the sleeve are adapted tocoincide, and means for permitting the escape of burnt gases from thefiring cham her after tlfeports in the sleeve have passed said firingchamber.

18. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a firingchamber, means for producing a spark in saidcham her, a piston,

movement between the piston and cylinder,-

.burnt a sleeve mounted for rotary said sleeve being provided with ortswhich are adaptedto coincide with thetiring chamber, and 1 fl sforrmitting the assage of. ports in the sleeve after said ports have passedsaid firing chamber.

I9. in an internal combustion engine the combination of a cylinder openat both ends of t].- relatively rotatable sleeve. within said cylinder,a piston within said sleeve, the

outer end of said sleeve being closed'to form her, and a, flange on theclosed'oute r end of a. head for the piston chamber, a plate on theouterend' o the cylinder, which plate and closed end of tlie sleeve'constitute the inner and outer wallsof a cooling in iui'n chamber and aflange on the closed outer end of the sleeve, which flange iseitectivein" circulation .of they cooling, medium in said chamber when the sleeveis establishing a 20. In an internal combustion engine the,

the sleeve, which flunge'is-eilectiite n estnb lisliing a. circulationof the-cooling mediuin in said chamber when the sleeve is i'ot tted,

grgyided wjth s eove being provided with ports which are adapted thewall of said cylinder being inlet and butlet. ports, and sci coincidewith the ports in the'cylinder.

21. In an interim; combustion'engincghliz combination with a. cylinderopen ht:

$65 from tie firing chain er to the ,iln'd there being a ends, of a,sleeve mountedfor rotation within snid cylinder, ii. piston arranged foropera.- .tion within said sleeve,

the outer end of which 'slcci'e is closed to the )iston chamber, itplate on the outer end oft e cylinder, which plate and closed end 'ofthe sleeve constitute the inner and outer wn-lls oi .n cooliiw incdiuni'chamber, the walls of sn'id'cylinder mid sleeve. being provided withports which are adapted lo'coincid'e, and menus for imparting rotarymovement 'tosnid sleeve in proper time relation to the reciprocatingmovement of the piston.

22. 'In an internal combustion engine, the

combination with a cylinder open at both ends, of a sleeve mounted forrotation within sn d'cylinder, a. p ston arranged .for operation withinsand sleeve, the outer end of piston chamber, nplatoon the outer end ofthe cylinder, which plate nnd closed end of the sleeve constitute theinner and outer walls of a. cooling medium chandler, the walls of sitidcylinder and sleeve being pro- Vldl'Al' with ports which are adapted tocoincide, means for nnpnrting rotary movement, to said sleeve in propertune-relation to'the recipi imnting movement of the )lSlOll,

in tin V j tiino y whereof'I licreunto idlixmy signutureii'nJ-iiepresence of two witnesses,

U "(JI'IARLES'l.lVl*1STLAKE. Witnesses: I

Hill. C. Bsnnvitm, O'rro V. MYERS.

form n hend for 1 which sleeye is closed to form a head for the firing;chum-her ormed jin tllfilllllGP-ftuflfi of the cylinder with \\llll'll

